History

Utility Computing formed by advances in multiple technologies like

· Client server Architecture

In general, all of the machines on the Internet can be categorized as two types: servers and clients. Those machines that provide services (like Web servers or FTP servers) to other machines are servers. And the machines that are used to connect to those services are clients. Typically a server may be webserver

Here are the basic steps that occurred behind the scenes: Web server

The browser broke the URL into three parts:

o The protocol ("http")

o The server name ("www.cemunnar.com")

o The file name ("index.htm")

• The browser communicated with a name server to translate the server name “www.cemunnar.com “into an IP Address, which it uses to connect to the server machine.

• The browser then formed a connection to the server at that IP address on port 80. (if connected port is 80)

• Following the HTTP protocol, the browser sent a GET request to the server, asking for the file "http:// www.cemunnar.com /index.htm."

• The server then sent the HTML text for the Web page to the browser.

• The browser read the HTML tags and formatted the page onto your screen.

• Grid Computing

Grid computing utilizes distributed computing resources to create a virtual computing platform. This will be leveraged to create a highly scalable and virtualized data center infrastructure Grid computing (computational grid) is applying the resources of many computers in a network to a single problem at the same time - usually to a scientific or technical problem that requires a great number of computer processing cycles or access to large amounts of data.

• Blade Computing

It is a cost-efficient, slim and less power-consuming servers are a hit for high-performance computing as well as for the small and midsize business (SMB). A blade server is essentially a single circuit board populated with components such as processors, memory, and network connections that are usually found on multiple boards. Since they use laptop technology, blades are usually thin and require less power and cooling than traditional servers. Blades are also designed to slide into existing servers (chassis) and overall are more cost-efficient, smaller and tend to consume less power than traditional box-based servers. The individual blades in the chassis (also called a cabinet) are connected using a bus system.

• Virtualization

In computing, virtualization means to create a virtual version of a device or resource, such as a server, storage device, network or even an operating system

Server virtualization

The partitioning of a physical server into smaller virtual server. In server virtualization the resources of the server itself are hidden, or masked, from users, and software is used to divide the physical server into multiple virtual environments, called virtual or private servers. One common usage of this technology is in Web servers. Virtual Web servers are a very popular way of providing low-cost web hosting services. Instead of requiring a separate computer for each server, dozens of virtual servers can co-reside on the same computer. There are several ways to create a virtual server, like Virtual machine

The main technology used behind the utility computing are

1. Client side: Thin Client/Low power PC

2. Server Side: Virtualization & Grid Computing